Software (Overview)

(Thomas, 2020)

Software refers to a collection of programs, data, and instructions that enable a computer or other digital devices to perform specific tasks or functions. It is a set of instructions that tell a computer how to carry out specific operations or solve particular problems. (Osterweil, 2008)

Software can be broadly categorized into three main types:

1.System Software: System software provides the foundational components and services necessary for the operation of a computer system. It includes the operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux), device drivers, utility programs, and other software that manages and controls hardware resources. System software ensures that the computer hardware and other applications can work together effectively.

2. Application Software: Application software, also known as "apps," refers to programs designed to perform specific tasks or functions for end-users. Application software can be further categorized into general-purpose or specialized software. Examples of application software include word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, graphic design tools, video editing software, and games.

3. Programming Software: refers to a set of software tools that assist programmers in creating, editing, debugging, and managing computer programs. These tools provide an environment that simplifies the process of writing and maintaining code.

Software development involves the process of designing, coding, testing, and maintaining software to meet specific requirements. It encompasses a range of activities, including requirements gathering, software design, programming, debugging, and deployment. (Simplilearn, 2022)

Software is typically written in programming languages such as Java, C++, Python, or JavaScript. Programmers write code using these languages, and the code is then compiled or interpreted into machine-readable instructions that the computer can execute. (Simplilearn, 2022)

Reference List:

Osterweil, L.J., 2008. What is software?. Automated software engineering, 15, pp.261-273.

Simplilearn (2022) What is software development? Definition and types, Simplilearn.com. Simplilearn. Available at: https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/programming-tutorial/what-is-software-development (Accessed: 3 June 2023).

Thomas, M. (2020) Software 101: A Complete Guide to the Different Types of software, Coderus. Available at: https://www.coderus.com/software-101-a-complete-guide-to-the-different-types-of-software/ (Accessed: 3 June 2023).